With how much narcissism has grown in people, you’ve probably encountered someone you suspected was a narcissist.
Experts also say that narcissistic traits are not limited to romantic partners – and are much harder to spot when they appear in your friendships, family relationships and the workplace.
Leading psychologists have identified five common types of narcissists and explained how to spot them.
They warn that these personalities are found in some of the closest relationships in our lives – from parents and siblings to friends and spouses.
Narcissistic personality disorder, or NPD, is officially recognized in the DSM-5-TR, the diagnostic manual used by mental health professionals.
According to psychotherapist Kathleen Saxton, more than one in ten people worldwide may exhibit narcissistic traits.
Here are some types of narcissism:
The dominant partner:
These individuals may cheat, lie, blame, exploit, and control their partner, often making false promises to maintain power in the relationship.
Sumeet Grover, a psychotherapist registered with the British Association for Counseling and Psychotherapy, says the severity of the traits matters.
“Those lower on the spectrum may observe their partner’s emotions and feel guilty,” he said, adding, “They may be open to listening to your perspective and thinking about how they might act differently.”
The brain drain friend:
Another common type is the friend who makes you feel like you have no energy left after every meeting you have with him.
These individuals often dominate conversations, undermine others, and make it difficult for friends to express their own opinions.
Dee Johnson, a BACP accredited counselor, says such behavior is often calculated rather than careless.
“They target vulnerable, less confident people who are grateful for the friendship and are easier to manipulate,” she said.
The selfish parent:
Experts say a narcissistic parent is one of the most painful relationships to face.
Parents are expected to provide unconditional love, but narcissistic parents can make affection conditional and transactional.
Ms Johnson said this can be very damaging, saying: “When you realize your parents’ motivation is ‘me first’ it makes you feel unsafe and ignored.”
The sibling playing the blame game:
Siblings argue, but a brother or sister who relentlessly blames you for problems may be showing narcissistic traits.
Ms. Johnson says the most difficult part is often grieving the relationship you want to have.
“People look at other families and realize they may never have that bond,” she said. “That loss must be recognized.”
